Deep vein thrombosis treatment | Cardiologist in Hyderabad

Deep Vein Thrombosis occurs when a clot develops in deep veins, typically in the leg. Swelling or pain may result, although there are no signs in some cases. Certain health conditions affect clotting and raise DVT risk. Prolonged periods of immobilisation, such as bed rest or travel, can also induce clotting. Clots may separate, travel through the veins, and block blood circulation. This condition, called pulmonary embolism (PE), is dangerous. When both DVT and PE occur, they are called venous thromboembolism.

Causes of DVT

Any slowing of deep vein blood flow can cause DVT. One significant risk is staying still for long periods.

Factors That Raise Risk

• Hormone replacement therapyBone fractures or injuries
• Hospital stays for significant illness or surgery
• Prolonged sitting at a fixed location (e.g., during a long plane ride).
• Conditions like cancer or heart disease
• Contraceptive pills
• Drugs that contain estrogen
• Pregnancy
• Genetic conditions that increase clotting tendency

Lifestyle Risks

• Excess body weight
• Smoking

DVT can also appear suddenly without any apparent cause.

Symptoms

• Swelling in one leg
• Pain, cramping, or soreness, often in the calf
• Skin turning red or purple
• A warm sensation in the affected area
• Some cases present no symptoms

DVT Treatment

The DVT treatment aims to interfere with valvular and platelet plug regrowth, prevent it from progressing, reduce recurrence, and minimise complications.

Anticoagulants

These prevent clot growth and lower embolism risk.

Two main types exist:

• Heparin: Works fast and is usually administered by injection for a short period.
• Warfarin: Taken orally for 3–6 months to prevent clot recurrence. Some may need it lifelong.

Thrombolysis

The best cardiologists in Hyderabad advise immediate care for patients with severe conditions. Thrombolytics can help. These drugs break up clots. An example is tissue plasminogen activator (TPA). There is a risk of bleeding from these drugs, and thus, they are indicated for use only during an emergency.

The TPA is administered by a small catheter placed at the site of the clot. Patients are kept in the hospital for days as doctors monitor for clot dissolution.

Inferior Vena Cava Filter

A miniature gadget that looks like an umbrella is inserted into an artery of a large lumen to keep within until it clogs up and cannot reach the lungs. Blood continues to flow normally.

Compression Stockings

These help reduce pain, limit swelling, and prevent ulcers. They also lower the risk of post-thrombotic syndrome. Patients must wear them for at least two years.

Mechanical Thrombectomy

It is a newer approach. The therapy helps remove clots through a catheter. Using imaging for guidance, a surgeon inserts a device to extract the clot, restoring circulation. Research suggests this method is effective and lowers recurrence.

Prevention

There is no universal screening for DVT, but for high-risk individuals (e.g., after surgery), DVT can be avoided by:

• Regular Movement: Keeping active promotes circulation and reduces clot risk.
• Applying Pressure: Wearing inflated compression sleeve garments or boots can prevent hematoma.
• Medication: Blood thinners may be prescribed before or after surgery.

Smoking and excess weight increase risk. Quitting smoking and engaging in physical activity help. According to the American Heart Association, 150 min of moderate to vigorous-intensity exercise is prescribed weekly to reduce risk.

Conclusion

Deep vein thrombosis is a serious condition. It demands prompt attention. Early diagnosis, treatment, and preventive measures can reduce the risk and morbidity.

Some solutions for successful treatment and DVT prevention include:

• Participation in physical activity
• Receiving drug therapy
• Following medical recommendations

Dr Raghu, one of the best cardiologist in Hyderabad, is renowned for treating cardiac and vascular disorders. With a long-standing experience, he provides advanced management for patients with DVT, cardiovascular disease, and other vascular diseases.